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Slim-Bot 7 Wireless Hand Gesture Control Introduction .. As the name indicates, SLIM-BOT, is a small, simple, compact robot, which may be moved or controlled using various inputs, without using any micro-controller. There is no need of programming language or coding to make and control the Slim-Bot. This is the basic project for those, who don’t have any knowledge in micro-controllers and programming. The various controls for the Slim-Bot is completely based on the electronic circuits only. Now, the Slim-Bot may be controlled wirelessly, using HAND GESTURES using simple Hand Gesture Sensor. A Hand Gesture Sensor has a small ball in a square box, which generates four signals (Forward-Backward-Left-Right), by tilting towards its four corners. The Stop signal is generated when the ball is in idle condition, i.e., at middle position of the square box. All the outputs of Hand Gesture Sensor are digital. So, the control circuit becomes handy, easier and simpler. Here, the digital values are directly fed to Encoder IC (HT12E) and then transmitted wirelessly using RF transmitter. The serial data, which is received by the RF receiver, sends to the Decoder IC (HT12D). The Decoder IC, decodes the received serial data, back in to 4 bit data. The 4 bit data is used to control the movement of the Slim-Bot. About Hand Gesture Sensor: The Hand Gesture Sensor used here is simple and easy Make-at-Home sensor. Base of the Hand Gesture Sensor shall be thin plate, which is a good electrical conductor like, copper or aluminium, cut to about one square inch . Then, a small and smooth dent is made at the middle of the base (square plate), to hold a metallic ball, which shall be a good electrical conductor. Here, a ball (sphere shape) is made with soldering lead to have minimum electrical resistance and good electrical contact. The square metallic base plate is surrounded by four thin strips, formed like walls, made of electrically insulated material like, hi-lam or foam sheet or card-board etc. These strips will hold the metallic ball within the square base plate. All the four corners of the walls are connected to small electrical conductors like, bare copper wire or copper strip or aluminium strip etc., just above the base plate. So. Whenever the metallic ball moved to a corner, the base plate and the conductor at the corner, shall have an electrical contact through the metallic ball, which acts as a switch. So, all the four corners behave like four switches, whenever the ball moves to the specific corners. The making concept of the Hand Gesture Sensor with a metallic ball in the center and signal generation (working principle) with the metallic ball at various corners of the sensor are shown below. Two diodes are used to convert forward signal to generate both right and left signal simultaneously. About Hand Gesture TX and RX: The four signal outputs from the Hand Gesture Sensor are converted to three outputs and connected to four inputs of Encoder IC (HT12E), as shown in the above circuit diagram. Then the digital code is encoded by the Encoder IC, which outputs the code in serial format. Then the serial output of the encoder is transmitted by an RF transmitter ( CLICK HERE to know more about working of HT12E and RF transmitter, from wireless keypad control) There is NO CHANGE in Receiver Board or Slim-Bot, w.r.t. Keypad Control system. Once the Hand Gesture Transmitter module is ready, then fix the Transmitter board behind your palm suitably. Now, switch ON the power supply to the Sensor Transmitter board and Slim-Bot for easy control of Slim-Bot using Hand Gesture Sensor. Now, move (or control) the Slim-Bot by tilting the hand forward, backward, left and right directions. The complete Receiver circuit diagram is shown below. Refer KEYPAD CONTROL SYSTEM, for more explanation about Receiver circuit. CLICK HERE to know, how to make BASE for SLIM-BOT.

Slim-Bot 5 Wireless Joystick Control Introduction .. As the name indicates, SLIM-BOT, is a small, simple, compact robot, which may be moved or controlled using various inputs, without using any micro-controller. There is no need of programming language or coding to make and control the Slim-Bot. This is the basic project for those, who don’t have any knowledge in micro-controllers and programming. The various controls for the Slim-Bot is completely based on the electronic circuits only. Now, the Slim-Bot may be controlled wirelessly using a Joystick. A joystick has a knob to control in all the four directions (Up-Down-Right-Left), which is easy for manoeuvering the Slim-Bot. As the joystick generates analog values, op-amps are used for conversion of analog to digital values. Then the digital values are fed to Encoder IC and then transmitted wirelessly using RF transmitter. The serial data is received by the RF receiver, sends to Decoder IC (HT12D). The Decoder IC, decodes the received serial data, back in to 4 bit data. The 4 bit data is used to control the movement of the Slim-Bot. About Joystick ADC : The joystick used here is normally available in the market as joystick module. Generally, this joystick module contains, three outputs, viz., dx, dy and SW. The dx and dy are connected to mid-pins of two variable resistors, perpendicular to each other. When the knob is moved horizontally(left-right), the resistance value in dx varies. Similarly, when the knob is moved vertically(up-down), the resistance value in dy varies. So, when the joystick module is connected to 5VDC power supply (between the Vcc and ground pins), the dx and dy values are set at 2.5VDC approximately, by default. When the knob is moved left and right or up and down, the voltage at dx and dy varies accordingly. The SW pin is connected to a button switch below the knob and gets activated (switched on), when the knob is pressed down. Hence, the output of dx and dy are analog voltages, which varies in between 0V to 5V (up to Vcc). To convert the analog to digital voltage, 4 numbers of OP-AMPs are used here. So, 2 numbers of LM358 dual op-amp ICs are used to convert dx and dy analog values, to four digital values, as shown in the circuit below. About Joystick TX and RX: The digital values are fed to Encoder IC (HT12E), as explained earlier in Keypad control system. Then, the digital code is encoded by the Encoder IC (HT12E) and outputs the code in serial format. Then the serial output of the encoder is transmitted by an RF transmitter. The connections between digital outputs from op-amps to Encoder IC, HT12E, are shown at the bottom of the page. ( CLICK HERE to know more about working of HT12E and RF transmitter, from wireless keypad control) There is NO CHANGE in Receiver Board or Slim-Bot, w.r.t. Keypad control. Once the Transmitter module is ready, then switch ON the power supply to Transmitter and Slim-Bot, for easy control of Slim-Bot using joystick. (Refer Keypad Control system for Receiver circuit diagram) CLICK HERE to know, how to make BASE for SLIM-BOT.

Small Robot : 2 Keypad Control # . < < < Previous List All Next > > > . Introduction To control Small Robot, a simple and easy concept is explained here. Four buttons are used to control the Small Robot, in all the four directions. To make the Robot control small and simple, ATTINT13 (8 pin micro controller) is used for both transmitter and receiver boards. A Transmitter board, is designed with a micro-controller (ATTINY13) , which receives four inputs from the small buttons and converts to 4 bit data. Then sends the 4 bit data as serial data. The serial data is sent through a wireless transmitter module. Similarly, Receiver board, is also designed to receive the serial data, through a wireless receiver module. Then, the micro-controller (ATTINY13) decodes the serial data, to four bit parallel data, used as input to motor driver IC (L293D). Thus, motor driver controls the two motors of the Small Robot, for required movement, in all the directions, depending on the keyboard input(s). Keypad Transmitter: For the Keypad Transmitter board, four keys are used to control the direction of motion of Small Robot. Every two keys have parallel connection with two voltage divider resistances. So, by default, the micro-controller receives, mid voltage of power supply (i.e., 2.5V), as input. Two such inputs are used for four input buttons. Both the inputs are connected to the micro-controller's ADC (Analog-to-Digital Converter) pins. So, when no button is pressed, the micro-controller reads mid value of ADC from both the pins. When, any input button is pressed, the ADC value is set as, either maximum or minimum, depending on the button press. So, the micro-controller always checks the ADC input voltage and converts the ADC value to four bit digital data. Then, the four bits are sent through a pin as serial in encoded form. (Refer Base Frame for four bit data) Any RF (Radio Frequency) Transmitter may be used, to transmit the Serial data, from the micro-controller to wireless radio wave. A 433 MHz RF transmitter module is used here for the purpose. A 7805 is used to convert 9V battery supply to 5VDC power supply for the circuit. Keypad Receiver: For the Keypad Receiver Board, the serial data is received by the RF receiver module, and sent to the micro-controller (ATTINY13). The micro-controller decodes the received data, and converts to four bit parallel data. Then the four bits are sent to the base frame through the 6 pin connector, which in turn controls the movement of the Small Robot. The 5VDC power supply for Receiver board is derived from the Main board of Base Frame, through 6 pin connector. Download TX HEX file Download RX HEX file Contact for Source Code Download files from above link and remove .TXT extension. . < < < Previous Once Small Robot's Base Frame is made, then, various control systems for Small Robot are developed and available for selection, using 'Previous ' and 'Next ' buttons here. Next > > > .

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